Har yanzu, filastik ya tabbatar da zama a ko'ina a cikin teku.Da yake nutsewa zuwa kasan ramin Mariana, wanda ake zargin ya kai kafa 35,849, dan kasuwan Dallas Victor Vescovo ya yi ikirarin cewa ya samo wata jakar roba.Wannan ba ma shine karo na farko ba: wannan shine karo na uku da ake samun robobi a cikin zurfin teku.
Vescovo ya nutse a cikin dakin wanka a ranar 28 ga Afrilu a matsayin wani bangare na balaguron sa na "Zurukan Biyar", wanda ya hada da tafiya zuwa zurfin tekun duniya.A cikin sa'o'i hudu na Vescovo a kasan ramin Mariana, ya lura da nau'o'in rayuwar ruwa da yawa, daya daga cikinsu na iya zama sabon nau'in - jakar filastik da kayan kwalliyar alewa.
Kadan ne suka kai zurfin zurfafa irin wannan.Injiniyan Swiss Jacques Piccard da Laftanar Navy na Amurka Don Walsh sune na farko a cikin 1960. Mai binciken National Geographic kuma mai shirya fina-finai James Cameron ya nutse a kasan tekun a 2012. Cameron ya yi rikodin nutsewa zuwa zurfin ƙafa 35,787, kaɗan kaɗan da ƙafa 62. Vescovo ya yi iƙirarin ya kai.
Ba kamar mutane ba, filastik yana faɗuwa cikin sauƙi.A farkon wannan shekara, wani bincike da aka yi amfani da amphipods daga ramuka masu zurfin teku guda shida, ciki har da Marianas, kuma ya gano cewa dukkaninsu sun yi amfani da microplastics.
Wani bincike da aka buga a watan Oktoba 2018 ya rubuta mafi zurfin sanannun filastik - jakar sayayya mai rauni - ya sami zurfin ƙafa 36,000 a cikin Mariana Trench.Masanan kimiyya sun gano ta ne ta hanyar yin nazari a kan Database Debris Database, wanda ya kunshi hotuna da bidiyo na nutsewa 5,010 cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata.
Daga cikin sharar da aka jera a cikin ma'ajin bayanai, robobi ne ya fi kowa yawa, tare da jakunkunan roba musamman ma mafi girma tushen sharar filastik.Sauran tarkace sun fito ne daga kayan kamar roba, ƙarfe, itace da masana'anta.
Kimanin kashi 89% na robobin da aka gudanar a binciken an yi amfani da su ne guda daya, wadanda ake amfani da su sau daya sannan a jefar da su, kamar kwalaben ruwa na robobi ko kayan tebur da za a iya zubar da su.
Mariana Trench ba rami ne mai duhu mara rai, yana da mazauna da yawa.NOAA Okeanos Explorer ya bincika zurfin yankin a cikin 2016 kuma ya gano nau'ikan nau'ikan rayuwa, gami da nau'ikan murjani, jellyfish da dorinar ruwa.Binciken na 2018 ya kuma gano cewa kashi 17 cikin 100 na hotunan filastik da aka rubuta a cikin ma'ajin bayanai sun nuna wani nau'i na mu'amala da rayuwar ruwa, kamar dabbobin da ke cikin tarkace.
Filastik da aka yi amfani da shi guda ɗaya yana ko'ina kuma yana iya ɗaukar ɗaruruwan shekaru ko fiye don ruɓe a cikin daji.Wani bincike da aka gudanar a watan Fabrairun shekarar 2017 ya nuna cewa, gurbacewar muhalli a ramin Mariana ya fi wasu gurbacewar yanayi a wasu yankuna fiye da na kasar Sin.Marubutan binciken sun ba da shawarar cewa gurɓatattun sinadarai a cikin ramuka na iya zuwa wani ɓangare daga filastik a cikin ginshiƙi na ruwa.
Tubeworms (ja), goro da kaguwar jockey sun sami wuri kusa da iska mai zafi.(Koyi game da bakon fauna na mafi zurfin ruwa mai zurfi na Pacific.)
Yayin da robobi ke iya shiga cikin tekun kai tsaye, kamar tarkacen da ake kakkabowa daga bakin teku ko kuma jibgewa daga cikin jiragen ruwa, wani bincike da aka buga a shekarar 2017 ya nuna cewa galibin shi yana shiga cikin tekun ne daga koguna 10 da ke ratsawa ta matsugunan mutane.
Kayan kamun kifi da aka watsar kuma shine babban tushen gurɓataccen filastik, tare da binciken da aka buga a cikin Maris 2018 yana nuna cewa kayan sun ƙunshi mafi yawan Babban Fashin Sharan Ruwa na Texas wanda ke iyo tsakanin Hawaii da California.
Yayin da a fili akwai robobi da yawa a cikin teku fiye da yadda ake da shi a cikin jakar filastik guda ɗaya, abin a yanzu ya samo asali ne daga misalan da ba ruwansu da iska zuwa misalin irin tasirin da ɗan adam ke yi a duniya.
© 2015-2022 National Geographic Partners, LLC.An kiyaye duk haƙƙoƙi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-30-2022